European-made Order of Sacred Treasure breast stars marked with "*" (a.k.a. "star"/"snowflake" mark)

Not your usual sacred treasure breast star.

Metal, silvering, gilding, enamel.
Size 94 mm. /typical Japanese-made breast star has diameter around 75 mm./

Obviously this is European work.

 

Fittings.

 

The pin is marked with */Star/Snowflake.

This mark (or similar mark) was used in Austria as an mark for non-silver items (usually imported ones).
Sometimes you can find it on plates for German Iron Crosses

or wound badges

and Turkish Iron Crescent/Harp Madalyası (German-made).

 

Another such breast star with signs of wear.

Mark.

 

The breast star of Rising Sun Order from the very same manufacture.

Mark "*" is missing.

 

The question of who was the manufacturer of these stars remains open today.