Miniature Groups from the collection of State Historical Museum

Group of miniatures that allegedly belonged to Lieutenant General of the Don Cossack Army Ivan Efremovich Efremov (Иван Ефремович Ефремов; 1774 - October 4, 1843).

Gold, silver, metal, enamel.
Length 54 mm.

St.Anna order, St.Vladimir order and medal “In Memory of the Patriotic War of 1912”.

On display.

Ivan Efremovich Efremov was born in 1774, Don Cossack by origin. In 1791, he entered military service in St. Petersburg and here he began to study literacy. Being a very poor man, Efremov was forced to learn the craft of shoemaking in order to earn an extra penny for his studies. In 1793, during the formation of the Gatchina troops, Efremov, who stood out for his combat training, was enlisted in them, and in 1796, already a sergeant, during the formation of the Life Hussar Cossack Regiment, he was assigned to His Majesty’s squadron and in 1798 promoted to cornets of the same regiment. In 1805, Efremov, with the rank of staff captain, took part in the battle of Austerlitz , and in 1807 he fought near Guttstadt , Kleinfeld, Wolfsdorf and Friedland. For his exploits during this war he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir 4th class.

In 1810, Colonel Efremov took command of His Majesty's squadron. In April 1812, the Life Cossacks arrived at the western border of the Russian Empire. A number of their military exploits during the Patriotic War are associated with the name of Efremov: June 14 - at the town of Troki, June 15 - near Vilna, July 1 - at the Sora tavern, on the 19th - at Novyverki, on the 23rd - at Kocherzhishki, 11 and 12 on the 14th and 15th, near Vitebsk, on the 16th, near Porechye, on August 4, near Smolensk , on the 7th, near the village of Zabolotye, and on the 26th, near Borodino.

In September, he was given command of four Cossack regiments, with which he proved himself to be a dashing partisan: on September 4 - near the village of Zhilino, from the 4th to the 8th - on the Kashirskaya road, on the 8th - at Starikov, on the 14th go - near the village of Vishnyakov and then at Borovsky transportation. On October 22 , at Vyazma , commanding five regiments, he "exterminated a considerable number of the enemy"; On the 23rd he attacked the infantry in the flank near the village of Belomorskoye, on the 27th - Dorogobuzh; On December 1st I was in business at Pavlinsk. Then, commanding three Cossack regiments, Efremov participates in many matters in the detachment of Adjutant General Chernyshev.

With the arrival of Emperor Alexander I to the army, the Life Cossacks formed His Majesty’s convoy until the end of the campaign. On October 4/16 near Leipzig, Efremov was the hero of the historical attack of the Life Cossacks and on December 23, 1813 he was awarded the Order of St. George 3rd class (No. 352): "In reward for the excellent feats of courage, bravery and stewardship performed in the battle against French troops on October 6 and 7 near Leipzig." In the battle of March 14, 1814 at Ferchampenoise, Efremov was wounded in the head with a bayonet. In 1815, Colonel Efremov was appointed commander of the Life Guards Cossack Regiment and also in 1816 - promoted to major general . In 1828, Efremov took part in the war with the Turks and received a saber wound in his right hand while pursuing the Turks, defeated on the Kamchik River. During this war he was awarded a golden saber with diamonds. On June 25, 1829, Efremov was promoted to lieutenant general and sent to the Don on indefinite leave.

He died on October 4, 1843.​

 

Group of miniatures that belonged to Prince Ivan Ivanovich Baryatinsky (Иван Иванович Барятинский; 1772 - 1825).

Gold, enamel.
Length 40 mm.

Orders of St. George, St. Anne and St. John of Jerusalem.

Under different light.

On display.

Prince Ivan Ivanovich Baryatinsky (1772 - 1825) was a famous Anglomaniac and agronomist from the Baryatinsky family , a large landowner, creator of the Maryino estate near Rylsk. The only heir of his father, diplomat I. S. Baryatinsky. In 1806–1812 Russian ambassador at the court of the King of Bavaria in Munich. By right of birth he belonged to the very top of Russian society. Grandson of Field Marshal Prince of Holstein. Mother Catherine came from the house of Glucksburg ; her half-brother is the great-grandfather of the Danish king Christian IX.

In 1780, he was enlisted as a lieutenant of the Yekaterinoslav Cuirassier Regiment and Potemkin’s adjutant , and in 1790 he was promoted to chamber cadet and transferred to the Semenovsky Regiment. A captain since 1795, he enlisted as a volunteer in the army operating in Poland, and on January 1, 1795 he was awarded the Order of St. George IV class.

Paul I granted him the ancestral commandery of the Order of Malta in 1799, but then, as a result of a clash with Rostopchin, he was removed from the court. Alexander I granted Baryatinsky a full chamberlain in 1801 and assigned him to the mission in London, where he married the daughter of Lord Sherborne .

Promoted to privy councilor in 1804, he was appointed envoy to Bavaria in 1806 . Here in 1813 he married the German Countess Maria Keller (1793-1858), with whom he lived until the end of his life and had seven children - four sons and three daughters.

Recalled in 1812, after which he left service and settled in his Kursk estate, the village of Ivanovskoye, the center of his vast possessions (he had more than 20 thousand souls in the Kursk and Kharkov provinces). Baryatinsky devoted his entire life to organizing estates and putting into practice the agronomic knowledge he acquired during his travels abroad. Relations with the peasants were established on a reasonable basis. Several years spent in England made Baryatinsky an Anglomaniac, and in his activities he set himself up as a model of an English rich and educated high-born landlord, caring about his household and the education of the people.

In his beloved Ivanovsky, he built a magnificent palace, named after his wife Maryin , where one could find everything that wealth, combined with refined taste, could provide. Baryatinsky lived openly, he had a theater and an orchestra. His neighbors, famous musicians and brothers Counts Vielgorsky, took part in his concerts. Baryatinsky himself was so keen on music that he reproached himself for wasting time and therefore forbade teaching music to his sons, whose upbringing was one of his main concerns.

In 1815, his eldest son was born, and already this year he drew up a program for his upbringing, and in 1821 he wrote “Conseils à mon fils ainé” (“Advice to the eldest son”). Baryatinsky strove to make his son, first of all, an honest man and a good Christian, and then to develop in him independence and efficiency in order to prepare him for the role of a large landowner who should improve the life of his peasants and have a useful influence on neighboring landowners. An educated, intelligent, gifted man, Prince Baryatinsky was one of the most brilliant representatives of the highest court society.

According to the testimony of Prince A. Czartoryski , he was distinguished by his wit, sometimes quite caustic. Count P. X. Grabbe describes his appearance as follows: he was a tall, prominent, thin man, with regular facial features, short-cropped hair streaked with gray; “a quick, impatient gesture, a general expression of a secular person and nobility.”

Baryatinsky died on June 15 (27), 1825. He was buried in the family crypt in the crypt of the Church of the Intercession on the territory of the Maryino estate near the village of Ivanovskoye. In the 1930s, the grave was looted and the ashes were burned.​

 

Group of miniatures with a very rare Kulm cross.

Gold, silver, metal, enamel.
Length 55 mm.

Anninsky weapon “For Bravery” (saber-suspension), Order of St. Vladimir, medals "For the capture of Paris" and "In memory of the war of 1812" and Kulm Cross.

On display.

 

Miniature group Suspension in the form of the weapon "For Bravery".

Gold, silver, enamel, base metal.
Size 132 x 25 mm.

Suspension marked with gold hallmark and "FV/ФВ" mark.

 

Gold, silver, enamel.
Length 110 mm.

Order of St. Vladimir 4th class “For 35 years of service”, St. Anna order, St. Stanislav order and badge “For XV years of faultless service".

 

Five miniature orders and medals on the saber "For Bravery".

Gold, silver, enamel.
Length 91 mm.

On display.

 

Gold, silver, enamel.
Length 55 mm.

 

4th class St.Anna order.

Gold, silver, enamel.
Size 48×15 mm.
Weight 4.8 g.

Details.

 

Four miniature orders and medals on the saber "For Bravery" /order of St. Anne, 3rd class, order of Virtuti Militari, medals “In Memory of the Patriotic War of 1912” and “In Memory of the Russian-Turkish War of 1828-1829”/.

Gold, silver, metal, enamel.
Length 54 mm.

 

Miniatures of Count Pavel Dmitrievich Kiselyov /Kiseleff/

Gold, silver, metal, diamonds, enamel. Total length 138 mm. Collection of State Historical Museum in Moscow.

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