Allegedly these crosses were manufactured by the Japanese workshops for the Kriegsmarine personnel, serving in the Pacific. Note that the authenticity of crosses of 1st and 2nd type is questionable since there are currently no direct empirical evidence (i.e. authentic awarding group) that these are indeed period pieces. This is especially true for the crosses of 1st type.
Type 1 "塘/Tsutsumi".
Size 44 mm.
Pin marked with a mirrored kanji 塘 - Tsutsumi.
Type 1 "塘/Tsutsumi".
Size 44 mm.
Pin marked with a mirrored kanji 塘 - Tsutsumi.