Gold, enamel.
Size 42 х 42 mm.
Iconography.
Size 42 х 42 mm.
Iconography.
3rd class of St.George order awarded to Major-General Yakov Petrovich Kulnev in 1809
On display in State Historical Museum in Moscow.
Cross was awarded on January 1, 1809 "For the battle near the village of Salmi - August 21, 1808, the city of Lappo, Ilhostaro, Starhiro, Lilkiro, Vero and for the battle of Orovais on September 2, as well as for the capture of the city of Nyukarleby (March 21, 1808)" /"За дело под деревней Салми — 21 августа 1808 года, г. Лаппо, Ильхостаро , Стархиро, Лилькиро, Веро и за сражение под Оровайсом 2 сентября, а также за взятие г. Нюкарлебю (21 марта 1808 года)"/.
Yakov Petrovich Kulnev /Яков Петрович Кульнев/ (6 August 1763 – 1 August 1812) was, along with Pyotr Bagration and Aleksey Yermolov, one of the most popular Russian military leaders at the time of the Napoleonic Wars. Suvorov's admirer and participant of 55 battles, he lost his life during Napoleon's invasion of Russia.
Kulnev's father was a Russian Cavalry officer of lesser noble background who served in the Kargopol Regiment of Dragoons. The future general was born in Ludza (present-day Latvia), of which his father was afterwards a Mayor, and matriculated at the Infantry School for Nobility in 1785. He joined a hussar regiment and, under Suvorov's command, took part in the Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792 and the Polish Campaign of 1794-1795. The following decade of his life is obscure.
In 1807 Kulnev was put in charge of the regiment of Hrodna hussars fighting against Napoleon. He made a name for himself at Heilsberg and Friedland, in which he famously fought his way out of an encirclement. In the Finnish War against Sweden, Kulnev led Buxhoevden's vanguard. For his part in the storm of Jakobstad he was awarded a golden sabre. He encouraged guerrilla fighting and fought with distinction at Lapua, Kuortane, Oravais - three engagements which earned him Order of Saint George 3rd class and the rank of Major General. Denis Davydov, who fought under his command in Finland, described Kulnev's exploits in his memoirs.
Kulnev crowned the campaign by leading Bagration's vanguard across the frozen Baltic Sea towards the Åland Islands and thence to Grisslehamn, within 70 km from the Swedish capital, Stockholm. This daring manoeuvre forced the Swedes to seek peace at any cost.
Yakov Petrovich Kulnev /Яков Петрович Кульнев/ (6 August 1763 – 1 August 1812) was, along with Pyotr Bagration and Aleksey Yermolov, one of the most popular Russian military leaders at the time of the Napoleonic Wars. Suvorov's admirer and participant of 55 battles, he lost his life during Napoleon's invasion of Russia.
Kulnev's father was a Russian Cavalry officer of lesser noble background who served in the Kargopol Regiment of Dragoons. The future general was born in Ludza (present-day Latvia), of which his father was afterwards a Mayor, and matriculated at the Infantry School for Nobility in 1785. He joined a hussar regiment and, under Suvorov's command, took part in the Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792 and the Polish Campaign of 1794-1795. The following decade of his life is obscure.
In 1807 Kulnev was put in charge of the regiment of Hrodna hussars fighting against Napoleon. He made a name for himself at Heilsberg and Friedland, in which he famously fought his way out of an encirclement. In the Finnish War against Sweden, Kulnev led Buxhoevden's vanguard. For his part in the storm of Jakobstad he was awarded a golden sabre. He encouraged guerrilla fighting and fought with distinction at Lapua, Kuortane, Oravais - three engagements which earned him Order of Saint George 3rd class and the rank of Major General. Denis Davydov, who fought under his command in Finland, described Kulnev's exploits in his memoirs.
Kulnev crowned the campaign by leading Bagration's vanguard across the frozen Baltic Sea towards the Åland Islands and thence to Grisslehamn, within 70 km from the Swedish capital, Stockholm. This daring manoeuvre forced the Swedes to seek peace at any cost.
Awarded for his courage with Order of Saint Anna of the 1st class, Kulnev was invited to take charge of the vanguard of the Danube Army which fought against the Turks in Bulgaria. During the Turkish Campaign of 1810, Kulnev was one of Russia's ablest generals. His bold leadership made itself felt at Shumla, Nikopol, Rousse, and Batin, giving the campaign a character of decision it had been lacking heretofore. Hhowever, a conflict with the commander-in-chief, Nikolay Kamensky forced him to leave the army.
After Napoleon invaded Russia in 1812, Kulnev was entrusted with defending the roads leading to the capital, Saint Petersburg. On July 3, his detachment took prisoner a French general and 200 cavalrymen. On 18 July, he led 5,000 cavalrymen - who formed a vanguard of Wittgenstein's corps — against Marshal Oudinot in the Battle of Klyastitsy. Taking prisoner 900 enemy soldiers, Kulnev crossed the Drissa River and clashed with a major French contingent. As the Russians came under heavy artillery fire, Kulnev was struck in the legs by a cannonball and lost both limbs. He died from the effects of wounds received at this engagement.
After Napoleon invaded Russia in 1812, Kulnev was entrusted with defending the roads leading to the capital, Saint Petersburg. On July 3, his detachment took prisoner a French general and 200 cavalrymen. On 18 July, he led 5,000 cavalrymen - who formed a vanguard of Wittgenstein's corps — against Marshal Oudinot in the Battle of Klyastitsy. Taking prisoner 900 enemy soldiers, Kulnev crossed the Drissa River and clashed with a major French contingent. As the Russians came under heavy artillery fire, Kulnev was struck in the legs by a cannonball and lost both limbs. He died from the effects of wounds received at this engagement.
History regarding lost loop.
What happened with the ring?
Right before his death Kulnev tore off his order from neck ribbon so that it would not get into the enemy's hands.
What happened with the ring?
Right before his death Kulnev tore off his order from neck ribbon so that it would not get into the enemy's hands.
В последние минуты своей жизни Я.П.Кульнёв был столь де твёрд и мужественен, как и прежде. Друзья, говорил он окружающим его, находясь при последнем издыхании, спасайте Отечество. Не уступайте ни шага земли: победа вас ожидает! Наконец ослабев от ожасных мучений, и чувствуя приближение смерти, он снял с себя все ордена, и отдавая их стоявшему возле него Офицеру, сказал: возьмите, спрячте сии знаки: пускай враги не порадуются, увидя в охладевшем трупе моём не Генерала Русского, но простого воина, положившего живот свой за отечество!
In the last minutes of his life, Y.P. Kulnev was as firm and courageous as before. Friends, he said to those around him being at the last gasp, save the Fatherland. Do not give up a single step of the earth: victory awaits you! Finally, weakening from terrible torment, and sensing the approach of death, he took off all the orders, and giving them to the Officer who was standing next to him, he said: take, hide these signs: let the enemies not rejoice when they see in my cooled corpse not a Russian General, but a simple warrior, laying down his life for the fatherland!
Source: "Дух генерала Кульнева"/"The Spirit of General Kulnev" published in 1817.
In the last minutes of his life, Y.P. Kulnev was as firm and courageous as before. Friends, he said to those around him being at the last gasp, save the Fatherland. Do not give up a single step of the earth: victory awaits you! Finally, weakening from terrible torment, and sensing the approach of death, he took off all the orders, and giving them to the Officer who was standing next to him, he said: take, hide these signs: let the enemies not rejoice when they see in my cooled corpse not a Russian General, but a simple warrior, laying down his life for the fatherland!
Source: "Дух генерала Кульнева"/"The Spirit of General Kulnev" published in 1817.
Как Кульнев чувствовал, как говорил, так он и сделал. Спустя несколько дней после этого письма, 1812 года 20-го июля, в сражении под Клястицами, ядро оторвало ему обе ноги; он упал и, сорвав с шеи своей крест св. Георгия, бросил окружавшим его, сказав им: "Возьмите! Пусть неприятель, когда найдет труп мой, примет его за труп простого, рядового солдата и не тщеславится убитием русского генерала".
As Kulnev felt, as he spoke, so he did. A few days after this letter, on July 20, 1812, in the battle of Klyastitsy, the cannonball tore off both his legs; he fell and, tearing the cross of St. George from his neck , threw those around him, saying to them: "Take it! Let the enemy, when he finds my corpse, take it for the corpse of a simple, ordinary soldier and not be conceited about the murder of a Russian general.
As Kulnev felt, as he spoke, so he did. A few days after this letter, on July 20, 1812, in the battle of Klyastitsy, the cannonball tore off both his legs; he fell and, tearing the cross of St. George from his neck , threw those around him, saying to them: "Take it! Let the enemy, when he finds my corpse, take it for the corpse of a simple, ordinary soldier and not be conceited about the murder of a Russian general.
Source: Денис Давыдов, "Военные записки"/Denis Davydov, "Military Notes".
His gold weapon "For Bravery" (awarded on April 10, 1808).
Yakov Petrovich Kulnev tombstone.
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