Note that the following inscriptions will be written on actual cups from left to right.
陸軍 - Army
海軍 - Navy
陸海軍 - Army and Navy
分隊 - Squad
小隊 - Platoon
中隊 - Company, Battery; Squadron
大隊 - Battalion
聨隊 or 聯隊 or 連隊 - Rentai/Regiment
師團 - Division
歩兵 - Infantry; Infantryman
騎兵 - Cavalry
工兵 - Combat Engineer; Military Engineer; Combat Engineering; Military Engineering
近衛 - Imperial Guards
輜重兵 - Transportation Corps
軸重 - Supply
重砲兵 - Heavy Artillery
野砲兵 - Field Artillery
野戦重砲兵 - Heavy Field Artillery
山砲兵 - Mountain Artillery
獨立山砲兵 - Independent Mountain Artillery
高射砲 - Antiaircraft Gun; Antiaircraft Artillery
銖 - Railway [batallion]
電信 - Communications; Signal
関電有線 - Signal [corps, batallion, platoob, etc] [関電 - electrode +有線 - communicate by wire]
守备 or 守備 - to Garrison/to Stand Guard/on Garrison Duty
衛生 - Medical
衞生部 - Medical Unit
警備 - Defense; Guard
後備 - Reserve, Second Reserve, Rear Guard;
満洲独立守備隊 - Manchurian Independent Garrison
出征 - Dispatch/to Go Into Battle/to Campaign (military)
派遣/派遺 - Dispatch; Despatch; Deployment
派遣軍- Expeditionary Force
短期現役 - Short Term Active Duty/Active Service
從軍記念 - Army Service Commemorative
賞盃 - Award Cup
贈 - Gift/Present
賞 - Award
除隊記念 - Military Discharge Commemorative
満期記念 - Expiration [of a service term] Commemorative
退営記念/退營記念 - Military Service Retirement/Completion Commemorative
帰休記念 / 歸休記念 / 皈休記念 - Military Leave/Home Leave Commemorative
解隊記念 - Disbanding (military unit) Commemorative
参加記念 - Participation Commemorative
征清記念 - Qing (dynasty of China, 1616-1912) Expedition/Campaign Commemorative
日清戦争 - (1st) Sino-Japanese War
征露記念 - Russia Expedition/Campaign Commemorative [a.k.a Russia Conquering Commemorative]
外征記念 - Foreign Campaign Commemorative
在隊記念 - Military Service [Army] Enlistment Commemorative
除隊 - Military Discharge
除役 - Exemption from Military Service
滿期 - Completion of Military Service Term
歸休/皈休 - Leave of Absence.
歸還 - Return to a Base or Hometown from a Battlefield
歸郷 - To Return Home/Homecoming
凱旋 - Triumphal Return
退役 - Retiring from Military Service
退職 - Retirement (from service)
解隊 - Disbanding (a military unit)
解職 - Discharge; Dismissal
解除 - Disbanding; Removal of a Designation
復員 - Demobilization
免除 - Discharge
免役 - Exemption From Military Service
戰捷記念 - Victory in War Commemorative
戰勝記念 - Victory/Triumph Commemorative
守勢記念 - Defense Commemorative
駐屯記念 - Stationing (troops)/Garrison (service) Commemorative
満洲國境守備 - Manchukuo Border Defense [border garrison service]
卒業記念 - Graduation Commemorative
分遣記念 - Detachment/Detail Commemorative
入隊記念 - Enlistment Commemorative
入営記念 - Entering the Barracks/Enlistment Commemorative
在營記念 - Service [lit. in barracks] Commemorative
駐満記念 - Stationing in Manchuria Commemorative
渡鮮記念 - Deployment in Korea Commemorative
大東亜戦記念 - Greater East Asian War Commemorative
満洲事変記念 - Manchurian Incident Commemorative
上海凱旋記念 - Triumphal Return from Shanghai Commemorative
支那事変記念 - China Incident Commemorative
西北利亜出征 / 西伯利亜出征 - Siberia Dispatch
西北利亜出征記念 - Siberia Dispatch Commemorative
山東出征記念 - Shandong Expedition Commemorative (Jinan Incident Commemorative)
山東出征凱旋記念 - Shandong Expedition Triumphal Return Commemorative (Jinan Incident Triumphal Return Commemorative)
満州駐箚 - Stationed in Manchuria
満州建設勤労奉仕隊 - Labor Service Corps for Manchuria's Development
一年志頭兵 - First Year [service] Soldier
現役 - Active Duty; Active Service
國光 / 國乃光 / 國光宜楊 - National Glory
挙國一致 - National Unity /挙国 “whole country” or “nationwide”; 一致 “agreement” or “union”/.
戦没者叙位叙勲記念 - Conferment of Honors on the War Dead Commemorative
恩賜記念 - Imperial Gift Commemorative
國威宣揚 - Enhancement of National Prestige/Promote the National Glory/Increase the Prestige of the Country
國光/國輝 - National Glory
盡忠報國 - Serve One's Country Loyally/be Devoted to One's Country/be Loyal and Patriotic
忠 - Loyalty; Devotion; Fidelity; Faithfulness
忠節 - Loyalty/Allegiance/Fidelity
忠勇 - Loyalty and Bravery
祝 - Celebration
國心 - National Spirit
皇道 - The Imperial Way; The Benevolent Imperial Rule
爱國心 - Patriotism
聖戦 - Holy War
致身報國/擲身報国/以身报国 - to give one's body for the nation (idiom); to spend one's whole life in the service of the country
功烈不朽 - Immortal Merits/Meritorious Service
退会紀念 - Withdrawal from a group/society/association/unit commemorative
潜水 - to Dive/to go Under Water
潜水艦 - Submarine
潜水戦隊 - Submarine Squadron
潜水母艦 - Submarine Carrier/Submarine Depot Ship
恩賜記念 - Commemorative Gift
御親閲 - Imperial Personal Inspection
御大典記念 - Emperor's Enthronement
射撃表念記 - Shooting Award
宿管記念- Accommodation Commemorative
退管記念 - Discharge Commemorative